Also Known as: Outer Limits Galaxy, Caldwell 23 UGC 1831
Object Type: Unbarred Spiral Galaxy
Constellation: Andromeda
Distance from Earth: 27.3 million light years
Apparent Magnitude: 10.8
Coordinates: RA 02H 22M 33.4S DEC 42 deg 20 min 57 sec
Actual Size: 107,000 light years
Apparent Dimensions: 13.5 arc-minutes x 2.5 arc-minutes
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Environmental Data
Date: November 2, 2022     Start Time: 6:58PM     End Time: 11:32PM     SQM: 17.96
Moon Age: 9.2 days     Moonset: 0:28AM     Moon Illumination: 69.1%
Temperature: 61 degrees F    Humidity: 57%    Dew Point: 45 degrees F
Location: Westport, Massachusetts 02790    Sky Condition: Clear
Comment:
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Imaging Scope Data
Mount: iOptron CEM120     Camera: ZWO ASI2600 OSC     Focuser: Optec QuickSync FT20
Telescope: Celestron 11 inch SCT Edge   Focal Length: 1960mm
Focal Reducer/Field Flattener: 0.7 focal reducer    Filter: None
Rotator: Pegasus Falcon rotator     Power Control: Pegasus Ultimate Powerbox V2     Dew Heater: Kendrick dew strip
Imaging Software
Mount: iOptron Commander     Focuser: Optec FocusLynx Commander
Imaging: Sequence Generator Pro     Platesolve: ASTAP    Rotator/Control: Pegasus Unity Platform
Imaging Status
Imaging Software: Sequence Generated     Focus HFR 3.28    Platesolve: Good on 3rd attempt    
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Guide Scope Data
Telescope: Stellarvue SVX130 refractor    Camera: ZWO ASI290 Focuser: Optec DirectSync SV535
Dew Heater: Kendrick dew strip    Software: PHD2    Exposure: 2.5 sec    Binning: 1x1    Tracking Result: 0.6 arc-seconds RMS
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Images Taken
Number of light frames: 181        Duration: 2 minutes        Gain: 100        
Camera Temperature: -10 degrees C        Binning: 1x1        F-Stop: 7.0        
Total Integration Time: 6.03 hours
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Number of flat frames: 50        Duration: 0.15        Gain: 100        
Camera Temperature: -10 degrees C        Binning: 1x1        F-Stop: 7.0        
Flat Field Illumination: All-Pro 'Spike-a-Flat Field standard' illuminated panel
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Number of Dark frames: 50 (from library)       Duration: 2 minutes        Gain: 100        
Camera Temperature: -10 degrees C        Binning: 1x1        F-Stop: 7.0        
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Number of Bias frames: 50 (from library)        Duration: 0.001 seconds        Gain: 100        
Camera Temperature: -10 degrees C        Binning: 1x1        F-Stop: 7.0        
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Imaging Processing
Imaging Processing Software: PixInsight
Processes utilized: Linear - calibration/integration: Flats ImageCalibration with Master Bias, Flat ImageIntegration, Images ImageCalibration with Flat Master & Dark Master, Debayer, SubFrameSelector, StarAlign, ImageIntegration.
Linear - Background extraction, Color correction, deconvolution, noise reduction: AutomaticBackgroundExtraction, ImageSolve, SpectroPhotometricColorCalibration, BlurXterminator, NoiseXterminator
Non-Linear: GeneralizedHyperbolicStretch script, MultiscaleLinearTransform for sharpening, CurvesTransformation. DynamicCrop
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Notes:
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