SuperNova SN2025rbs in galaxy NGC 7331

Also Known as: Caldwell 30

Object Type: Unbarred Spiral Galaxy

Constellation: Pegasus

Distance from Earth: 39.8 million light years

Apparent Magnitude: 10.4

Coordinates: RA 22H 37M 04.1S DEC 34 deg 24 min 56 sec

Actual Size: 120,000 light years in diameter.

Apparent Dimensions: 10.5 arc-minutes x 3.7 arc-minutes

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Environmental Data

Date: August 12 & August 15 2025     Start Time: 8:59PM / 8:30PM     End Time: 9:50PM / 3:20AM     SQM: 17.76 / 17.31

Moon Age:(Aug 15) 21.3 days     Moonrise: 10:52PM    Moon Illumination: 59.6%

Temperature: 78.6 / 72.1 degrees F    Humidity: 65% / 67%   Dew Point: 66 / 60.6 degrees F

Location: Westport, Massachusetts 02790    Sky Condition: Hazy

Comment:

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Imaging Scope Data

Mount: iOptron CEM120     Camera: ZWO ASI2600 monochrome     Focuser: Optec QuickSync FT20

Telescope: Celestron 11 inch SCT Edge   Focal Length: 1960mm

Focal Reducer/Field Flattener: 0.7 focal reducer     Dew Heater: Kendrick dew strip

Filter Wheel : ZWO EFW 7 position 2 inch  Filter(s): Baader Lum CMOS optimized 2 inch, Baader RED CMOS optimized 2 inch, Baader GREEN CMOS optimized 2 inch, Baader BLUE CMOS optimized 2 inch

Rotator: Pegasus Falcon 2     Power Control: Pegasus Ultimate Powerbox V2  

Imaging Software

Mount: iOptron Commander     Focuser: Optec FocusLynx Commander

Imaging: Sequence Generator Pro     Platesolve: ASTAP    Rotator/Control: Pegasus Unity Platform

Imaging Status

Imaging Software: Sequence Generated     Focus HFR 2.39 / 3.08     Platesolve: Success on 3rd attempt    

Guide Scope Data

Telescope: Stellarvue SVX130 refractor    Camera: ZWO ASI290     Focuser: Optec DirectSync SV35

Dew Heater: Kendrick dew strip    Software: PHD2    Tracking Result: 0.53 arc-seconds RMS

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Images Taken

Number of light frames (LUM):10 /45        Duration: 2 minutes        Gain: 100        

Number of light frames (Red): 0 / 40       Duration: 2 minutes        Gain: 100        

Number of light frames (Green): 0 / 30        Duration: 2 minutes        Gain: 100        

Number of light frames (Blue: 0 /40       Duration: 2 minutes        Gain: 100        

Camera Temperature: 0 degrees C        Binning: 1x1        F-Stop: 7.0        

Total Integration Time: 5.5 hours

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Number of flat frames (LUM): 30        Duration: 0.025        Gain:100        

Number of flat frames (Red): 30        Duration: 0.08        Gain: 100        

Number of flat frames (Green): 30        Duration: 0.051        Gain: 100        

Number of flat frames (Blue): 30        Duration: 0.11        Gain: 100        

Flat Field Illumination: All-Pro 'Spike-a-Flat Field standard' illuminated panel

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Number of Dark frames: 50 (from library)       Duration: 2 minutes        Gain: 100        

Number of Bias frames: 50 (from library)      Duration: 0.001 seconds        Gain: 100        

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Imaging Processing

Imaging Processing Software: PixInsight

Processes utilized: Linear - calibration/integration: For each of the LUM, RED, GREEN, and BLUE lights: Flats ImageCalibration with Master Bias, Flat ImageIntegration, Images ImageCalibration with Flat Master & Dark Master, SubFrameSelector
StarAlign all calibrated lights using best LUM image as reference, ImageIntegration of each of the LUM, RED, GREEN, and BLUE sets

Linear - Background extraction, Color correction, deconvolution, noise reduction:
LUM DynamicCrop, GraXpert, BlurXTerminator, NoiseXterminator
RED/GREEN/BLUE DynamicCrop, GraXpert, ChannelCombination to create color image using only Red/Green/Blue, ImageSolve, SpectroPhotometricColorCalibration, BlurXTerminator, NoiseXterminator

Non-Linear: LUM: GeneralizedHyperbolicStretch script, GAME script to create mask, MultiscaleLinearTransform to sharpen galaxy, HistogramTransformation to blacken background.
COLOR: GeneralizedHyperbolicStretch script, CurvesTransformation to increase saturation, GAME script to create mask, MultiscaleLinearTransform to sharpen galaxyHistogramTransformation to darken background, CurvesTransform, DynamicCrop to create closeup, MultiscaleLinearTransform to smoothen.

Notes: Luminance master not used in final image

Click Below Image for Full Size:

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